Some words quoted from Bertrand Russell's book

from HOW I WRITE:
"There are some simple maxims--not perhaps quite so simple as those which my brother-in-law Logan Pearsall Smith offered me--which I think might be commended to writers of expository prose. First:never use a long word if a short word will do. Second: if you want to make a statement with a great many qualifications, put some of the qualifications in separate sentences. Third: do not let the being of your sentence lead the reader to an expectation which is contradicted by the end. Take, say, such a sentence as the following, which might occur in a work on sociology: 'human beings are completely exempt from undesirable behaviour-patterns only when certain prerequisites(必备条件), not satisfied except in a small  percentage of actual cases, have, through some fortuitous(偶然的) concourse(集合) of favourable circumstances, whether congenital(天生的) or environmental, chanced to combine in producing an individual in whom many factors deviate(偏离) from the norm in a socially advantageous manner.' Let us see if we can translate this sentence into English. I suggest the following: 'All men are scoundrels(恶棍), or at any rate almost all. The men who are not must have had unusual luck, both in their birth and in their upbringing.' This is shorter and more intelligible, and says just the same thing. But I am afraid any professor who used the second sentence instead of the first would get the sack(the sack: 解雇).